(raucov saw hlau txuas puag ncigsiv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas nyuaj xws li cov tshuab nqa thoob hauv cov chaw cog cement thiab cov tshuab thauj tshauv/scraper hauv cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob. Cov khoom no xav tau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm qhov chaw kom tsis txhob hnav thiab lub hauv paus ruaj khov, ductile kom tiv taus kev cuam tshuam thiab qaug zog)
Lub hom phiaj yog los tsim kom muaj lub plhaub uas tob thiab ruaj khov uas sib txuas zoo rau lub plawv. Cov txheej txheem no muaj ntau kauj ruam tseem ceeb:
Kauj Ruam 1: Kev Kho Mob Ua Ntej (Xaiv Tau)
- Txheej Txheem: Kev Ua Kom Zoo Li Qub.
- Lub Hom Phiaj: Txhawm rau txhim kho cov qauv ntawm cov noob thiab txhim kho kev siv tshuab / kev vuam ntawm cov saw hlau nyoos.
- Cov Qauv Siv: Ua kom sov cov txuas rau 880–920 ° C thiab cia lawv txias hauv huab cua.
Kauj Ruam 2: Carburizing
Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb uas cov pa roj carbon tau kis mus rau saum npoo. Kev siv roj carbonizing yog txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab tswj tau rau cov ntawv thov no.
- Lub Hom Phiaj: Txhawm rau kom cov pa roj carbon ntau ntxiv, ua rau nws tawv heev tom qab quenching.
- Kub: 880–930°C. Kev tswj qhov kub tas li yog qhov tseem ceeb rau qhov tob sib npaug.
- Huab Cua: Ib qho huab cua uas muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau, feem ntau yog cov pa roj endothermic uas muaj cov hydrocarbon zoo li methane lossis propane. Yuav tsum tswj kom zoo txog qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov pa roj carbon.
- Lub Peev Xwm Carbon: Tswj kom nyob ntawm 0.8–1.0% kom ua tiav qhov concentration carbon zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov chaw rau qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws yam tsis muaj kev tsim cov carbides ntau dhau.
- Lub Sijhawm: Txiav txim siab los ntawm qhov tob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xav tau. Kev sib kis yog nyob ntawm lub sijhawm. Piv txwv li:
- Rau qhov tob ntawm 1.0 hli: Kwv yees li 8–10 teev.
- Rau qhov tob ntawm 1.5 hli: Lub sijhawm ntev dua.
- Kev Qhia Txog Qhov Tob: Rau cov saw hlau hnyav, yuav tsum muaj qhov tob ntawm lub thawv.
- Txoj Cai Tseem Ceeb: Qhov tob tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm carburizing ntawm 0.1 npaug ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub bar txog li 0.21 npaug ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm lub bar feem ntau yog teev los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom.
- Qhov tob kiag: Feem ntau yog li ntawm 0.5 hli txog 2.0 hli, nrog rau 1.0–1.5 hli yog qhov siv tau rau slag thiab cement daim ntawv thov.
Kauj Ruam 3: Kev Tua Hluav Taws
- Lub Hom Phiaj: Hloov cov txheej saum npoo uas muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau mus ua cov qauv martensitic uas tawv thiab tiv taus hnav.
- Nruab Nrab: Roj yog cov tshuaj tua hluav taws xob uas nyiam siv rau cov hlau sib xyaw no. Kev tua roj muab qhov txias sai txaus kom ua tiav qhov nyuaj siab thaum txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tawg thiab tawg uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tua dej.
- Kub: Cov roj uas tau ua kom sov ua ntej ntawm 60–80°C feem ntau yog siv rau qhov ceev txias sib npaug dua.
Kauj Ruam 4: Kev Kho Mob
- Lub Hom Phiaj: Txhawm rau txo cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev quenching, txo qhov brittleness, thiab ua tiav qhov sib npaug kawg ntawm qhov nyuaj thiab toughness.
- Kub thiab Sijhawm:
- Rau qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm qhov chaw (piv txwv li, 58-62 HRC), ua kom sov ntawm qhov kub qis ntawm 150–200 ° C rau 1-2 teev.
- Yog tias xav tau qhov nyuaj me ntsis tab sis muaj zog dua, siv tau qhov kub ntawm 400–450 ° C.
Kauj Ruam 5: Tom Qab Kev Kho Mob (Xaiv tau tab sis pom zoo)
- Kev Siv Tshuaj Tua Hluav Taws Xob: Cov txheej txheem no siv cov khoom me me los tua cov saw hlau, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxiv. Qhov no ua rau lub zog qaug zog zoo dua, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov saw hlau uas raug kev thauj khoom rov ua dua.
Kev Ntsuas Qhov Tob ntawm Rooj Plaub
Qhov no yog qhov kev sim tseem ceeb tshaj plaws kom ntseeg tau tias cov txheej carburized tob txaus los tiv taus kev hnav yam tsis muaj lub rooj sib tsoo thaum muaj kev thauj khoom.
- Qhov tob ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm: Qhov no txhais tau tias yog qhov deb ntawm qhov chaw mus rau qhov chaw uas qhov nyuaj poob rau tus nqi tshwj xeeb, feem ntau yog 550 HV (lossis 52 HRC).
- Cov Txheej Txheem: Ib qho seem ntawm txoj saw hlau raug txhuam, khawb (feem ntau nrog nital), thiab kuaj xyuas hauv qab lub tshuab microscope. Kev ntsuas qhov nyuaj me me raug ua los txiav txim siab qhov tob uas qhov nyuaj poob rau 550 HV.
- Cov Qauv Txais: Qhov tob ntawm lub thawv ntsuas tau zoo yuav tsum ua tau raws li qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tau teev tseg (piv txwv li, ≥1.0 hli lossis raws li txoj cai '0.1 x txoj kab uas hla') thiab yuav tsum sib npaug zos nyob ib puag ncig ntawm qhov txuas.
Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Hlau
- Microstructure: Siv lub tshuab microscope metallurgical los tshuaj xyuas qhov etched cross-section. Lub hom phiaj yog los xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom zoo, martensitic nrog kev hloov pauv maj mam mus rau cov qauv core ruaj khov. Yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov network tseem ceeb ntawm cov carbides ciam teb, uas tuaj yeem ua rau brittleness.
Kev Ntsuas Tshuab
- Lub Zog Tawg: Cov saw hlau qauv raug rub mus rau kev rhuav tshem hauv lub tshuab kuaj tensile kom paub tseeb tias lawv ua tau raws li lossis tshaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tawg uas tau teev tseg los ntawm cov qauv xws li DIN 764 lossis DIN 766 rau qib cuam tshuam (piv txwv li, Qib 2 lossis 3).
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Peb Hlis-23-2026
