1. Zaj dab neeg ntawm cov saw hlau sib txuas rau kev khawb av
Nrog rau qhov kev thov kom muaj zog thee ntau ntxiv hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, cov tshuab siv thee tau tsim kho sai heev. Raws li cov khoom siv tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv tshuab thee hauv kev siv thee, cov khoom sib kis ntawm cov khoom siv scraper conveyor kuj tau tsim kho sai heev. Hauv ib qho kev nkag siab, kev txhim kho ntawm scraper conveyor nyob ntawm kev txhim kho ntawmkev khawb av muaj zog siab txuas saw hlauKev khawb av muaj zog siab yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov saw hlau scraper conveyor hauv qhov av thee. Nws qhov zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo yuavncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov khoom siv thiab cov thee tsim tawm ntawm cov thee mine.
Kev tsim cov saw hlau txuas puag ncig uas muaj zog heev feem ntau suav nrog cov hauv qab no: kev tsim cov hlau rau kev tsim cov saw hlau txuas puag ncig, kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis kho cua sov, kev ua kom zoo dua ntawm cov saw hlau txuas puag ncig loj thiab cov duab, kev tsim cov saw hlau sib txawv thiab kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis ua saw hlau. Vim yog cov kev txhim kho no, cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab kev ntseeg tau ntawmkev khawb av puag ncig txuas saw hlautau zoo dua qub lawm. Cov lus qhia thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov saw hlau uas tsim los ntawm qee lub tuam txhab tsim khoom siv siab heev hauv ntiaj teb tau dhau qhov German DIN 22252 tus qauv siv dav hauv ntiaj teb.
Cov hlau qib qis thaum ntxov rau kev khawb cov saw hlau txuas thoob ntiaj teb feem ntau yog cov hlau carbon manganese, nrog cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg, cov ntsiab lus alloy tsawg, qhov nyuaj tsawg, thiab txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov saw hlau < ø 19mm. Xyoo 1970, cov hlau manganese nickel chromium molybdenum series high-grade saw hlau tau tsim. Cov hlau ib txwm muaj xws li 23MnNiMoCr52, 23MnNiMoCr64, thiab lwm yam. cov hlau no muaj qhov nyuaj zoo, weldability thiab lub zog thiab toughness, thiab tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov saw hlau C-qib loj. 23MnNiMoCr54 hlau tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1980s lig. Raws li 23MnNiMoCr64 hlau, cov ntsiab lus ntawm silicon thiab manganese tau txo qis thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm chromium thiab molybdenum tau nce. Nws qhov toughness zoo dua li ntawm 23MnNiMoCr64 hlau. Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, vim muaj kev txhim kho tas mus li ntawm cov kev xav tau ntawm cov hlau txuas puag ncig thiab kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm cov saw hlau vim yog kev siv tshuab hauv cov chaw tsuas thee, qee lub tuam txhab saw hlau tau tsim qee cov qib hlau tshiab tshwj xeeb, thiab qee cov khoom ntawm cov qib hlau tshiab no siab dua 23MnNiMoCr54 hlau. Piv txwv li, cov hlau "HO" uas tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab German JDT tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog ntawm cov saw hlau nce ntxiv 15% piv rau 23MnNiMoCr54 hlau.
2. Cov xwm txheej ntawm kev pabcuam mining thiab kev tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tsis tiav
2.1 Cov xwm txheej ntawm kev pabcuam mining chain
Cov xwm txheej kev pabcuam ntawm cov saw hlau sib txuas yog: (1) lub zog nruj; (2) Qaug zog los ntawm kev thauj khoom pulsating; (3) Kev sib txhuam thiab kev hnav tshwm sim ntawm cov saw hlau sib txuas, cov saw hlau sib txuas thiab cov saw hlau sprockets, thiab cov saw hlau sib txuas thiab cov phaj nruab nrab thiab cov sab groove; (4) Kev xeb yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua ntawm cov thee pulverized, hmoov pob zeb thiab huab cua noo.
2.2 kev tshuaj xyuas qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm cov saw hlau khawb av
Cov qauv tawg ntawm cov saw hlau khawb av tuaj yeem faib ua: (1) lub nra hnyav ntawm cov saw hlau ntau dua li nws lub nra hnyav tawg, ua rau tawg ua ntej lub sijhawm. Qhov tawg no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub xub pwg nyom lossis thaj chaw ncaj, xws li tawg los ntawm qhov kub hnyiab ntawm qhov vuam thiab cov khoom siv bar tawg; (2) Tom qab khiav ib ntus, cov saw hlau khawb av tsis tau mus txog qhov tawg, ua rau tawg los ntawm kev qaug zog. Qhov tawg no feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm qhov sib txuas ntawm caj npab ncaj thiab lub kaus mom ntawm cov saw hlau.
Cov kev cai rau kev khawb cov saw hlau sib txuas: (1) kom muaj peev xwm thauj khoom siab nyob rau hauv tib cov khoom siv thiab seem; (2) kom muaj kev tawg siab dua thiab elongation zoo dua; (3) kom muaj kev hloov pauv me me nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm thauj khoom siab tshaj plaws kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib txuas zoo; (4) kom muaj lub zog qaug zog siab; (5) kom muaj kev tiv thaiv kev hnav siab; (6) kom muaj kev tawv siab thiab kev nqus tau zoo dua ntawm kev cuam tshuam; (7) qhov ntev geometric kom ua tau raws li daim duab kos.
3. Cov txheej txheem tsim cov saw hlau
Cov txheej txheem ntau lawm ntawm cov saw hlau mining: txiav bar → khoov thiab xaws → sib koom ua ke → vuam → sim pov thawj thawj zaug → kho cua sov → sim pov thawj thib ob → tshuaj xyuas. Vuam thiab kho cua sov yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov saw hlau txuas, uas cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom. Cov txheej txheem vuam tshawb fawb tuaj yeem txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig thiab txo cov nqi tsim khoom; cov txheej txheem kho cua sov tsim nyog tuaj yeem ua si tag nrho rau cov khoom siv thiab txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom.
Yuav kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo ntawm kev vuam ntawm cov saw hlau mining, kev vuam tes arc thiab kev vuam tsis kam tau raug tshem tawm. Kev vuam flash butt yog siv dav vim nws cov txiaj ntsig zoo xws li qib siab ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis siv neeg, kev siv zog tsawg thiab cov khoom zoo ruaj khov.
Tam sim no, kev kho cua sov ntawm cov hlau txuas feem ntau siv cov cua sov induction nruab nrab zaus, quenching tas mus li thiab tempering. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov nruab nrab zaus induction cua sov yog tias cov qauv molecular ntawm cov khoom raug do hauv qab lub teb electromagnetic, cov molecules tau txais lub zog thiab sib tsoo los tsim cua sov. Thaum lub sijhawm nruab nrab zaus induction cua sov kho, lub inductor txuas nrog nruab nrab zaus AC ntawm qee qhov zaus, thiab cov saw txuas txav mus rau qhov ceev sib xws hauv lub inductor. Ua li no, tam sim no induced nrog tib zaus thiab kev taw qhia rov qab li lub inductor yuav raug tsim hauv cov saw txuas, yog li lub zog hluav taws xob tuaj yeem hloov pauv mus ua lub zog cua sov, thiab cov saw txuas tuaj yeem raug cua sov rau qhov kub uas xav tau rau quenching thiab tempering hauv lub sijhawm luv luv.
Qhov cua sov induction nruab nrab muaj qhov ceev ceev thiab tsawg dua oxidation. Tom qab quenching, cov qauv quenching zoo heev thiab qhov loj ntawm austenite tuaj yeem tau txais, uas txhim kho lub zog thiab kev tawv ntawm cov saw hlau. Tib lub sijhawm, nws kuj muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev huv, kev tu cev, kev hloov kho yooj yim thiab kev ua haujlwm siab. Hauv theem tempering, thaj chaw vuam txuas saw hlau dhau los ntawm qhov kub siab dua thiab tshem tawm ntau qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv quenching hauv lub sijhawm luv luv, uas muaj qhov cuam tshuam tseem ceeb heev rau kev txhim kho qhov plasticity thiab kev tawv ntawm thaj chaw vuam thiab ncua qhov pib thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab nrib pleb. Qhov kub tempering ntawm sab saum toj ntawm lub xub pwg nyom txuas saw hlau qis, thiab nws muaj qhov nyuaj dua tom qab tempering, uas yog qhov ua rau hnav ntawm cov saw hlau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, piv txwv li, kev hnav ntawm cov saw hlau thiab kev sib txuas ntawm cov saw hlau thiab lub sprocket saw hlau.
4. Xaus Lus
(1) Cov hlau rau kev khawb av muaj zog siab tab tom txhim kho mus rau hauv kev coj ua ntawm lub zog siab dua, kev tawv dua, kev tawv yas siab dua thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion dua li 23MnNiMoCr54 hlau uas siv thoob ntiaj teb. Tam sim no, cov qib hlau tshiab thiab cov qib patent tau siv.
(2) Kev txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov saw hlau uas muaj zog siab txhawb kev txhim kho tas mus li thiab kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm txoj kev kho cua sov. Kev siv tsim nyog thiab kev tswj hwm kom raug ntawm cov thev naus laus zis kho cua sov yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov saw hlau. Cov thev naus laus zis kho cua sov ntawm cov saw hlau hauv kev khawb av tau dhau los ua cov thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg tsim cov saw hlau.
(3) Qhov loj me, cov duab thiab cov qauv ntawm cov saw hlau uas muaj zog siab tau raug txhim kho thiab ua kom zoo dua. Cov kev txhim kho thiab kev ua kom zoo dua no yog ua raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj xyuas kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov saw hlau thiab nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej uas lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv hauv av yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv thiab qhov chaw hauv av ntawm cov chaw hauv av ntawm cov chaw hauv av muaj tsawg.
(4) Kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm cov hlau txuas uas muaj zog heev, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov qauv thiab kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom siv kho tshuab txhawb nqa kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov khoom siv thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm cov hlau txuas uas muaj zog heev.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-22-2021
